Efficacy of flavonoids on biomarkers of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 28 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of flavonoids intake on key biomarkers related to Type 2 diabetes mellitus was conducted. The mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was pooled using a random-effects model. Significant reduction in fasting glucose (MD: −0.22, 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.09, p = 0.0013), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (MD: −0.26, 95% CI: −0.46 to −0.05, p = 0.021), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD: −0.40, 95% CI: −0.66 to −0.15, p = 0.0039), triglyceride (TG) (MD: −0.13, 95% CI: −0.21 to −0.05, p = 0.002), total cholesterol (TC) (MD: −0.14, 95% CI: −0.21 to −0.08, p = 0...